Absolutely. Pianos, parlor guitars and fiddles were common, and nearly every community had enough musicians talented enough to play for a dance or make a community band or two. Sheet music was a hot commodity, even well into the gramophone age...
And then there were the newly invented reed instruments of the 19th century, like concertinas and harmonicas - never need tuning (actually, they
can't be tuned, which isn't quite the same thing), and the reed organ (the one you pump with your feet). Heady times, I tell you!
I happen to play concertina, picked one up in college... it's fun, but it bugs the crap out of my wife, so I don't play often
I do a mean "Over the rainbow"!